The most common cause of obstruction in infants is typically Peyer's patch hypertrophy. While in older children, factors causing intussusception are usually Meckel's diverticulum, polyp, hemangioma, or lymphangioma, in infants, it's generally Peyer's patch hypertrophy. It peaks between 3-12 months. 80-90% of the cases are ileocolic intussusception.
It's seen twice as often in boys compared to girls. Symptoms and signs include abdominal pain, stool the color of strawberry jelly, and vomiting. Abdominal pain is usually colicky in nature, and the patient is quite comfortable between pains. During the examination, a sausage-shaped mass can be felt in the midline of the abdomen. A condition defined as intussusception encephalopathy, which includes drowsiness and lethargy, is seen in most patients. The diagnosis of intussusception is made ultrasonographically.
In treatment, pneumatic or hydrostatic reduction is primarily attempted, and open surgical intervention is applied to cases that cannot be reduced. The etiology should be investigated in those who have undergone reduction.